Change the Landscape, Reduce Water Use

First posted on 06-22-2010

By William Hehemann for the U of A Division of Agriculture

Sometimes the best way to reduce sprinkler use is to change the landscape to include fewer water-hogging plants, said Mark Brown, Pulaski County extension agent for the University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture.

The traditional landscape, characterized by large areas of turf with trees and shrubs, is often costly to maintain - especially in the summer. By depending mainly on rainfall, landscapes that follow water conservation principles can remain beautiful and less labor-intensive.

Water-efficient landscapes begin with a practical design, said Brown.

“Analyze your area with locations of existing turf areas, trees and shrubs,” he said. “Consider the budget, function, appearance and maintenance of the landscape plans.”

Brown said to note the amounts of sun, shade and slope. Professional landscape architects can assist in sound decision-making.

Adding organic matter or compost to the top 4 to 6 inches of soil will conserve water, increase the health of plants and relieve the compaction of hard soils. Removing weeds and grasses can eliminate competition for the soil’s water and nutrients.

“Select plants that use low levels of water and that are proven to grow healthy in Arkansas climate,” he said. “Consider using native plants that grow and are adapted to your climate zone.”

Group plants according to their water needs. Local nurseries or the county extension office can suggest plants practical for landscaping.

Mulch, which includes materials such as tree bark, compost and lava rock, can cover the soil around plants and conserve water by cutting evaporation. Mulch also prevents erosion and discourages competition for nutrients and water from weeds.

Mulch should be applied to the entire gardening area at a depth of around 1 to 3 inches.

“Don’t apply excess mulch around the base of plants and trees - this can promote root diseases,” Brown said.

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